The Demand Case

Critical metals for a North American supply chain

Electrification, defence and advanced manufacturing all depend on a small group of critical metals, and Western governments are moving to onshore their supply. White Willow carries three of them in a single deposit.

Why These Metals

Named critical on both sides of the border

Lithium, cesium and tantalum are not ordinary commodities. Governments across North America classify them as critical: metals essential to the economy and defence, yet exposed to concentrated foreign supply and potential disruption.

Canada

Canada lists lithium, cesium and tantalum on its Critical Minerals List, and prioritises building secure, domestic supply chains for the metals that underpin the energy transition and national security.(1)

(1) Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Critical Minerals Strategy.

United States

The U.S. Geological Survey lists all three of lithium, cesium and tantalum among its critical minerals, flagging supply chains that are vulnerable to disruption and heavily reliant on imports.(2)

(2) U.S. Geological Survey, 2022 Final List of Critical Minerals.

How Totec fits

White Willow's LCT pegmatite system carries all three of these critical minerals, lithium, cesium and tantalum, within a single project in Ontario, a stable North American jurisdiction.

No. 3 6.94
Li Lithium

Lithium

The backbone of electrification

Lithium is the core cathode metal in the batteries that power electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage. As EV adoption accelerates and utilities build out storage, demand for lithium chemicals is expected to grow faster than new supply can be commissioned, pointing toward tightening balances over the coming decade.

Chart of lithium chemical supply versus consumption from 2019 to 2035 forecast. Supply and consumption bars rise together over time while the balance line, plotted against a secondary scale, starts positive, peaks around 2024, then declines and turns negative near 2035, indicating a looming deficit. Vertical scale omitted; shape shown for illustration.
Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence; S&P Global Mobility, as compiled in Totec Resources corporate presentation, January 2026. Chart redrawn to show the shape of the supply, consumption and balance trends; the vertical scale is omitted.
How Totec fits

White Willow is spodumene-bearing with samples up to 0.5% Li2O, the hard-rock lithium mineral that feeds the battery supply chain.(3)

No. 55 132.9
Cs Cesium

Cesium

Among the scarcest critical minerals

Cesium is one of the rarest of the critical minerals: historically, only a handful of mines worldwide have produced it, and global supply has been dominated by a very small number of deposits.(4) Its uses are high value and hard to substitute.

  • EnergyHigh-density drilling fluids(4)
  • TimingAtomic clocks and precision timing(4)
  • ElectronicsPhotoelectric applications(4)

(4) U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Cesium.

How Totec fits

Surface sampling has returned 36 samples above 115 ppm Cs at Maple Leaf; Cs >950 ppm at Bingo, marking a highly evolved pegmatite system with a genuine cesium signature.(3)

No. 73 180.9
Ta Tantalum

Tantalum

The metal inside modern electronics and aerospace

Tantalum is prized for two properties: it forms compact, reliable capacitors used in phones, computers and medical devices, and it strengthens the superalloys used in jet engines and aerospace components.(5) Supply is concentrated, which keeps it firmly on the critical minerals lists.

  • ElectronicsHigh-performance capacitors(5)
  • AerospaceSuperalloys for jet engines(5)

(5) U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Tantalum.

How Totec fits

White Willow has returned coarse tantalite assaying 14.64% Ta2O5 from surface grab sampling at Maple Leaf.(3)

The LCT Advantage

One deposit family, three critical metals

Lithium, cesium and tantalum are not separate exploration bets at White Willow. They belong to a single deposit type, the LCT (lithium-cesium-tantalum) pegmatite, in which the three metals occur together as a natural mineral family.

LCT pegmatites become progressively more chemically evolved with distance from their parent granite. That fractionation leaves a predictable trail: beryllium, then niobium-tantalum, then cesium enrichment mark the most evolved zones. Where those indicators appear, they point toward the lithium mineralization that sits at the fertile end of the sequence.

In practical terms, the tantalum and cesium signals at White Willow are more than standalone results. They are vectors: evidence that the system is highly fractionated and therefore prospective for lithium.

See the geology at White Willow
Diagram of the generalized LCT pegmatite zonation model: pegmatite dikes grade from a barren zone near the granite source through beryllium, niobium-tantalum, lithium and cesium enrichment with increasing fractionation
Generalized exploration model for LCT pegmatites. Source: USGS, modified from Trueman and Cerny (1982). Beryllium, tantalum and cesium enrichment indicate a highly fractionated system that is prospective for lithium.

See how the metals show up in the rock

Explore the flagship project, or review the capital structure and corporate materials.

Sources: (1) Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Critical Minerals Strategy. (2) U.S. Geological Survey, 2022 Final List of Critical Minerals. (3) 2022 Surface Prospecting Report, White Willow Property (AFRI 20000022099); and Totec Resources corporate presentation, January 2026. (4) U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Cesium. (5) U.S. Geological Survey, Mineral Commodity Summaries, Tantalum.

Market and macro information on this page describes general supply and demand for critical minerals and is drawn from third-party sources. It is provided for context only and is not a forecast of prices or of Totec Resources' results.

The scientific and technical information on this page has been reviewed and approved by Deepak Varshney, P.Geo, CEO and Director of Totec Resources, a Qualified Person as defined by National Instrument 43-101.

Historical exploration results referenced from the 2022 Surface Prospecting Report filed for assessment (AFRI 20000022099). Totec has not independently verified these historical results, and they should not be relied upon.

This page contains forward-looking statements regarding Totec Resources Ltd. and its exploration plans. Actual results may differ materially, and readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information.