Rubidium Supply Brief
No rubidium production was reported anywhere last year
It runs atomic clocks. There is no primary mine for it. We hold an Ontario pegmatite.
If you want exposure to the thinnest supply chain in the critical minerals complex, the question is not whether rubidium is scarce. It is where a Western supply of it could come from at all.
Our answer is White Willow, a lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatite property near Atikokan in northwestern Ontario.[2]
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White Willow, the capital structure, and what happens next.
One
A critical mineral with no primary mine
During 2025, no rubidium production was reported globally. Known production of rubidium ore from all countries ceased within the past two decades.[1]
Rubidium is not mined for its own sake. It is recovered in small quantities as a byproduct of operations targeting lithium and other pegmatite minerals, and from stockpiles.[1]
That is an unusual position for a metal the modern world depends on for timekeeping.
Rubidium may be used as an atomic resonance-frequency-reference oscillator for telecommunications network synchronization, playing a vital role in global positioning systems.[1]
Rubidium sits on the United States critical minerals list.[3] A metal with no primary mine, recovered incidentally, underpinning satellite navigation and network synchronization, is a supply chain with very little between it and a disruption.
The United States was 100% net import reliant for its rubidium needs and the primary global producers, including refined rubidium compounds, were estimated to include China, Germany, and Russia.[1]
Who actually produces it
Primary global producers of rubidium, including refined compounds
China
Germany
Russia
Source[1]
Two
What we hold
White Willow is a lithium-cesium-tantalum (LCT) pegmatite property in the Thunder Bay South Mining District of Ontario, a stable North American jurisdiction with year-round road access.[2]
Rubidium concentrates in the most chemically evolved LCT pegmatites, the same settings that host the rarer alkali metals. That is why the property type is relevant to this story, and it is the extent of what can responsibly be said today.
We will state the limits plainly. No mineral resource has been defined at White Willow. Totec has not established that rubidium mineralization of economic value exists on the property. Any historical results reported by prior operators are historical in nature, have not been independently verified by Totec, and should not be relied upon.[2]
Why we keep coming back to it
A metal on the United States critical minerals list, with no reported global production last year, no primary mine anywhere, and a role in the timing systems that satellite navigation and telecommunications run on. Set beside that, an early stage LCT pegmatite property on allied ground in Ontario that we still have to prove.[1][2]
One half is a supply chain with almost nothing behind it. The other is ground at an early stage of exploration, with the work ahead of it, not behind it.
Read the full rubidium briefing, or the White Willow project page. Subscribe below and we will send our news releases when we announce them. Review our continuous disclosure on SEDAR+.
Common Questions
Frequently asked
What is rubidium used for?
Rubidium's main uses are in precision timing and sensing. Rubidium atomic clocks are smaller and cheaper than cesium standards and are used in telecommunications networks, satellite navigation and laboratory instruments. It also appears in specialty optical glass, photocells, vacuum tube getters and in cold-atom research underpinning quantum sensing.
Why is there no rubidium mine?
Rubidium does not form ore minerals of its own in economic quantity. It substitutes for potassium in micas and feldspars, so it is dispersed rather than concentrated. All production is therefore a by-product, principally of lithium and cesium processing, which makes supply a function of somebody else's production decisions rather than of rubidium demand.
What does the K/Rb ratio tell geologists?
Rubidium substitutes for potassium but concentrates progressively as a melt evolves, so the potassium-to-rubidium ratio falls as fractionation advances. A low K/Rb ratio is one of the standard indicators that a pegmatite is highly evolved, which is why rubidium is valued in exploration as a vector rather than as a product.
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If the rubidium story is worth watching, the fastest way to follow it is by email. You can also speak to the CEO directly.
Prefer to talk? +1 (778) 899-1780 or deepak@totecresources.com
Sources
References
Every numbered claim on this page is attributed to the source it came from.
- pubs.usgs.gov Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Rubidium, U.S. Geological Survey
- sedarplus.ca NI 43-101 Technical Report on the White Willow Property, Thunder Bay South Mining District, Ontario, filed on SEDAR+
- federalregister.gov Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals, U.S. Geological Survey, 90 FR 50494, November 7, 2025
Sources are named to identify where the information came from. Their inclusion does not indicate any affiliation with, sponsorship of, or endorsement of Totec Resources Ltd. by the organisations cited, or by the Government of the United States. Third-party statements describe the metal and its supply chain. They are not statements about Totec Resources Ltd. or the White Willow Property, and no inference should be drawn from them as to the presence, grade or economic viability of any mineralization on the Property.
Published by Totec Resources Ltd. This page is investor relations material issued by and on behalf of the Company. It is not independent editorial or third-party research.
Market and macro information on this page describes general supply and demand conditions for rubidium and is drawn from third-party sources. It is provided for education and industry context only. It is not a forecast of prices, not a forecast of Totec Resources' results, and not investment advice.
Totec Resources has no mineral resource estimate and no mineral reserve estimate on the White Willow Property. Exploration is at an early stage and carries a high degree of risk. Nothing on this page should be read as a statement that mineralization of economic value has been identified on the property.
The scientific and technical information on this page has been reviewed and approved by Deepak Varshney, P.Geo, CEO and Director of Totec Resources, a Qualified Person as defined by National Instrument 43-101.
This page contains forward-looking statements regarding Totec Resources Ltd. and its exploration plans. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information. Totec undertakes no obligation to update forward-looking information except as required by law.
Nothing on this page is an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any security. Investing in the securities of mineral exploration companies is speculative and carries a high degree of risk. Review the Company's continuous disclosure record on SEDAR+ and consult a licensed investment advisor before making any investment decision.